Pterostilbene and resveratrol have become a staple ingredient in many dietary supplements.
The compounds are closely related, both chemically and pharmacologically. They also come from similar sources.
However, pterostilbene has a slight edge over resveratrol in terms of its biological action, which makes it the more effective of the two substances.
Here’s everything you need to know about pterostilbene, with a focus on its perceived health benefits.
What Is Pterostilbene?
Pterostilbene is a naturally occurring chemical in plants that functions as a phytoalexin. It belongs in the stilbenoid group of polyphenolic compounds, which also includes resveratrol.
Stilbenoids are widely touted for their incredible healing properties. As mentioned, these chemicals play the role of phytoalexins in the plants that secrete them. Phytoalexins are compounds produced by various plant species in response to physical injuries or contact with pathogens like bacteria and parasites.
But as many recent findings indicate, stilbenoids aren’t only beneficial for plants. These compounds may also treat or prevent several ailments in humans. That explains why pterostilbene and resveratrol have become a staple component of supplement products.
Consuming a pterostilbene supplement may help in treating acute and chronic diseases. The stilbenoid is particularly effective against chronic medical issues caused by old age.
What Are The Natural Sources Of Pterostilbene?
Pterostilbene is highly abundant in certain berries (such as blueberries), grapes, and almonds. The compound’s concentration tends to be higher in the fruits, leaves, and vines of the plants that secrete it.
Pterocarpus marsupium heartwood is another noteworthy plant that produces pterostilbene.
While you can increase your pterostilbene intake from various natural sources, supplementation provides a more efficient way to ramp up your blood levels of this important stilbenoid.
Are Pterostilbene and Resveratrol Similar?
Both pterostilbene and resveratrol belong in the stilbenoid group of polyphenolic plant compounds. The two substances are structurally and pharmacologically similar. They only differ in their bioavailability (absorption rate).
Pterostilbene absorbs faster into the bloodstream than resveratrol. That’s due to two bioactive methoxy groups in pterostilbene’s chemical structure, which exhibit exceptional lipophilic tendencies.
How Might Pterostilbene Improve Your Health?
- Pterostilbene and Oxidative Stress
Oxidative stress is associated with high risks of chronic diseases. It results from the sustained accumulation of free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), in the body.
Free radicals are unstable molecules characterized by unpaired electrons in their molecular structures.
Animal studies have shown that supplementing with stilbenoids like pterostilbene might help to inhibit oxidative stress. Pterostilbene counters the adverse effects of free radicals by boosting the body’s signaling of its antioxidants, such as catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase.
- Pterostilbene and Cancer
Most stilbenoids have demonstrated remarkable anti-carcinogenic properties. These compounds fight cancer by inducing apoptosis (cell death) in potentially malignant tumors. They also prevent cancerous cells from metastasizing (spreading to other body parts).
Various clinical trials have shown that pterostilbene possesses antineoplastic properties. That means it can inhibit, halt, or even reverse neoplasm or tumor development. Some findings also suggest that consuming pterostilbene may prevent tumor development while improving the functions of healthy cells.
A review of previous studies on the health benefits of blueberry juice among breast cancer subjects further demonstrated that the drink exerted anti-proliferative effects on breast cancer cells. Researchers attributed part of those effects to pterostilbene.
- Pterostilbene and Cardiovascular Health
Pterostilbene has been shown to manage various risk factors of heart and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and high blood sugar.
Pterostilbene’s antihypertensive properties imply that it may lower the risks of heart disease caused by blood circulation issues. On the other hand, the compound’s positive effects on blood sugar levels make it potentially beneficial for people with metabolic disorders like diabetes.
A study published in the Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine journal found that supplementing with 125 milligrams of pterostilbene twice daily reduced diastolic and systolic blood pressure among adults with high cholesterol levels. The compound also triggered minor weight loss for study subjects not already on high-cholesterol medication.
- Pterostilbene and Cognitive Health
Blueberries enjoy a reputation for their nootropic properties. The fact that pterostilbene is abundant in berries explains why many believe it might boost cognitive health. And in fact, there’s plenty of scientific evidence to that effect.
Pterostilbene’s benefits for cognitive health are largely due to its antioxidant properties. Several studies have shown that consuming this stilbenoid might help to improve symptoms of cognitive dysfunction like brain fog, poor memory, learning difficulties, and anxiety.
Regular supplementation with pterostilbene may also guard against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease while reducing brain edema.
Can Pterostilbene Supplements Trigger Adverse Effects
Pterostilbene is incredibly safe in its natural form. Adverse effects are nearly unheard of. And even when they occur, they’re usually mild and short-lasting episodes of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
However, we cannot always vouch for the safety of pterostilbene supplements. That’s because these products may feature potentially toxic additives.
The surest way to avoid adverse reactions to pterostilbene supplements is to insist on high-quality products from reputable brands. You’ll also do well to follow the manufacturer’s dosage recommendations.
Most importantly, stop using a pterostilbene supplement and consult your doctor if you experience severe bouts of vomiting or diarrhea.
Wrap Up
There’s much to gain by supplementing with pterostilbene. But as with all stilbenoids, the secret to unlocking pterostilbene’s health benefits is to stick to the recommended dosages.
It’s also prudent to consult extensively with your healthcare provider before integrating pterostilbene supplements into your wellness regimen.
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